Scapular Dyskinesis

What is the Scapula?
The scapula, or shoulder blade, is a flat bone that glides along the rib cage and plays a key role in positioning the shoulder joint for movement.
What is This Condition?
Scapular dyskinesis refers to abnormal movement of the shoulder blade. This can cause pain, weakness, or a “winged” appearance of the shoulder.
What Causes It?
Muscle weakness or imbalance (especially around the shoulder blade)
Nerve injuries (long thoracic or spinal accessory nerve)
Repetitive overhead activity
Shoulder injuries such as rotator cuff tears or instability, which alter normal motion
What are the Symptoms?
A feeling of weakness or fatigue in the shoulder
Pain around the shoulder blade or with overhead activity
A visible “winging” or abnormal movement of the scapula during arm motion
Decreased athletic performance, especially in throwing or overhead sports
Symptoms often improve with rest but return during repetitive use
How is It Diagnosed?
Exam: observation of abnormal scapular movement during arm motion
Imaging: usually not needed unless ruling out other causes
How is It Treated?
Non-surgical:
Physical therapy is the mainstay — focusing on strengthening scapular stabilizers and improving posture
Addressing any associated shoulder conditions (rotator cuff tears, instability)
Surgical:
Rarely needed, except in cases caused by nerve injury that does not recover
Learn more from AAOS (OrthoInfo):
https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/scapular-shoulder-blade-disorders/
